Home Reference Manual CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics
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The Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) has conducted a project to establish internationally agreed values for the thermodynamic properties of key chemical substances. This table presents the final results of the project. Use of these recommended, internally consistent values is encouraged in the analysis of thermodynamic measurements, data reduction, and preparation of other thermodynamic tables. The table includes the standard enthalpy of formation at 298.15 K, the entropy at 298.15 K, and the quantity H ° (298.15 K)-H °(0). A value of 0 in theDfH ° column for an element indicates the reference state for that element. The standard state pressure is 100000 Pa (1 bar). See the reference for information on the dependence of gas-phase entropy on the choice of standard state pressure. Substances are listed in alphabetical order of their chemical formulas when written in the most common form.

SubstanceStateDfH°(298.15K)S°(298.15K)H°(298.15K)-H°(0)
kJmol-1JK-1mol-1kJmol-1
Agcr042.55±0.205.745±0.020
Agg284.9±0.8172.997±0.0046.197±0.001
Ag+aq105.79±0.0873.45±0.40 
AgClcr-127.01±0.0596.25±0.2012.033±0.020
Alcr028.30±0.104.540±0.020
Alg330.0±4.0164.554±0.0046.919±0.001
Al+3aq-538.4±1.5-325±10 
AlF3cr-1510.4±1.366.5±0.511.62±0.04
Al2O3cr,corundum-1675.7±1.350.92±0.1010.016±0.020
Arg0154.846±0.0036.197±0.001
Bcr,rhombic05.90±0.081.222±0.008
Bg565±5153.436±0.0156.316±0.002
BF3g-1136.0±0.8254.42±0.2011.650±0.020
B2O3cr-1273.5±1.453.97±0.309.301±0.040
Becr09.50±0.081.950±0.020
Beg324±5136.275±0.0036.197±0.001
BeOcr-609.4±2.513.77±0.042.837±0.008
Brg111.87±0.12175.018±0.0046.197±0.001
Br-aq-121.41±0.1582.55±0.20 
Br2l0152.21±0.3024.52±0.01
Br2g30.91±0.11245.468±0.0059.725±0.001
Ccr,graphite05.74±0.101.050±0.020
Cg716.68±0.45158.100±0.0036.536±0.001
COg-110.53±0.17197.660±0.0048.671±0.001
CO2g-393.51±0.13213.785±0.0109.365±0.003
CO2aq,undissoc.-413.26±0.20119.36±0.60 
CO3-2aq-675.23±0.25-50.0±1.0 
Cacr041.59±0.405.736±0.040
Cag177.8±0.8154.887±0.0046.197±0.001
Ca+2aq-543.0±1.0-56.2±1.0 
CaOcr-634.92±0.9038.1±0.46.75±0.06
Cdcr051.80±0.156.247±0.015
Cdg111.80±0.20167.749±0.0046.197±0.001
Cd+2aq-75.92±0.60-72.8±1.5 
CdOcr-258.35±0.4054.8±1.58.41±0.08
CdSO48/3H2Ocr-1729.30±0.80229.65±0.4035.56±0.04
Clg121.301±0.008165.190±0.0046.272±0.001
Cl-aq-167.080±0.1056.60±0.20 
ClO4-aq-128.10±0.40184.0±1.5 
Cl2g0223.081±0.0109.181±0.001
Cscr085.23±0.407.711±0.020
Csg76.5±1.0175.601±0.0036.197±0.001
Cs+aq-258.00±0.50132.1±0.5 
Cucr033.15±0.085.004±0.008
Cug337.4±1.2166.398±0.0046.197±0.001
Cu+2aq64.9±1.0-98±4 
CuSO4cr-771.4±1.2109.2±0.416.86±0.08
Fg79.38±0.30158.751±0.0046.518±0.001
F-aq-335.35±0.65-13.8±0.8 
F2g0202.791±0.0058.825±0.001
Gecr031.09±0.154.636±0.020
Geg372±3167.904±0.0057.398±0.001
GeF4g-1190.20±0.50301.9±1.017.29±0.10
GeO2cr,tetragonal-580.0±1.039.71±0.157.230±0.020
Hg217.998±0.006114.717±0.0026.197±0.001
H+aq00 
HBrg-36.29±0.16198.700±0.0048.648±0.001
HCO3-aq-689.93±2.098.4±0.5 
HClg-92.31±0.10186.902±0.0058.640±0.001
HFg-273.30±0.70173.779±0.0038.599±0.001
HIg26.50±0.10206.590±0.0048.657±0.001
HPO4-2aq-1299.0±1.5-33.5±1.5 
HS-aq-16.3±1.567±5 
HSO4-aq-886.9±1.0131.7±3.0 
H2g0130.680±0.0038.468±0.001
H2Ol-285.830±0.04069.95±0.0313.273±0.020
H2Og-241.826±0.040188.835±0.0109.905±0.005
H2PO4-aq-1302.6±1.592.5±1.5 
H2Sg-20.6±0.5205.81±0.059.957±0.010
H2Saq,undissoc.-38.6±1.5126±5 
H3BO3cr-1094.8±0.889.95±0.6013.52±0.04
H3BO3aq,undissoc.-1072.8±0.8162.4±0.6 
Heg0126.153±0.0026.197±0.001
Hgl075.90±0.129.342±0.008
Hgg61.38±0.04174.971±0.0056.197±0.001
Hg+2aq170.21±0.20-36.19±0.80 
HgOcr,red-90.79±0.1270.25±0.309.117±0.025
Hg2+2aq166.87±0.5065.74±0.80 
Hg2Cl2cr-265.37±0.40191.6±0.823.35±0.20
Hg2SO4cr-743.09±0.40200.70±0.2026.070±0.030
Ig106.76±0.04180.787±0.0046.197±0.001
I-aq-56.78±0.05106.45±0.30 
I2cr0116.14±0.3013.196±0.040
I2g62.42±0.08260.687±0.00510.116±0.001
Kcr064.68±0.207.088±0.020
Kg89.0±0.8160.341±0.0036.197±0.001
K+aq-252.14±0.08101.20±0.20 
Krg0164.085±0.0036.197±0.001
Licr029.12±0.204.632±0.040
Lig159.3±1.0138.782±0.0106.197±0.001
Li+aq-278.47±0.0812.24±0.15 
Mgcr032.67±0.104.998±0.030
Mgg147.1±0.8148.648±0.0036.197±0.001
Mg+2aq-467.0±0.6-137±4 
MgF2cr-1124.2±1.257.2±0.59.91±0.06
MgOcr-601.60±0.3026.95±0.155.160±0.020
Ng472.68±0.40153.301±0.0036.197±0.001
NH3g-45.94±0.35192.77±0.0510.043±0.010
NH4+aq-133.26±0.25111.17±0.40 
NO3-aq-206.85±0.40146.70±0.40 
N2g0191.609±0.0048.670±0.001
Nacr051.30±0.206.460±0.020
Nag107.5±0.7153.718±0.0036.197±0.001
Na+aq-240.34±0.0658.45±0.15 
Neg0146.328±0.0036.197±0.001
Og249.18±0.10161.059±0.0036.725±0.001
OH-aq-230.015±0.040-10.90±0.20 
O2g0205.152±0.0058.680±0.002
Pcr,white041.09±0.255.360±0.015
Pg316.5±1.0163.199±0.0036.197±0.001
P2g144.0±2.0218.123±0.0048.904±0.001
P4g58.9±0.3280.01±0.5014.10±0.20
Pbcr064.80±0.306.870±0.030
Pbg195.2±0.8175.375±0.0056.197±0.001
Pb+2aq0.92±0.2518.5±1.0 
PbSO4cr-919.97±0.40148.50±0.6020.050±0.040
Rbcr076.78±0.307.489±0.020
Rbg80.9±0.8170.094±0.0036.197±0.001
Rb+aq-251.12±0.10121.75±0.25 
Scr,rhombic032.054±0.0504.412±0.006
Sg277.17±0.15167.829±0.0066.657±0.001
SO2g-296.81±0.20248.223±0.05010.549±0.010
SO4-2aq-909.34±0.4018.50±0.40 
S2g128.60±0.30228.167±0.0109.132±0.002
Sicr018.81±0.083.217±0.008
Sig450±8167.981±0.0047.550±0.001
SiF4g-1615.0±0.8282.76±0.5015.36±0.05
SiO2cr,alphaquartz-910.7±1.041.46±0.206.916±0.020
Sncr,white051.18±0.086.323±0.008
Sng301.2±1.5168.492±0.0046.215±0.001
Sn+2aq-8.9±1.0-16.7±4.0 
SnOcr,tetragonal-280.71±0.2057.17±0.308.736±0.020
SnO2cr,tetragonal-577.63±0.2049.04±0.108.384±0.020
Thcr051.8±0.56.35±0.05
Thg602±6190.17±0.056.197±0.003
ThO2cr-1226.4±3.565.23±0.2010.560±0.020
Ticr030.72±0.104.824±0.015
Tig473±3180.298±0.0107.539±0.002
TiCl4g-763.2±3.0353.2±4.021.5±0.5
TiO2cr,rutile-944.0±0.850.62±0.308.68±0.05
Ucr050.20±0.206.364±0.020
Ug533±8199.79±0.106.499±0.020
UO2cr-1085.0±1.077.03±0.2011.280±0.020
UO2+2aq-1019.0±1.5-98.2±3.0 
UO3cr,gamma-1223.8±1.296.11±0.4014.585±0.050
U3O8cr-3574.8±2.5282.55±0.5042.74±0.10
Xeg0169.685±0.0036.197±0.001
Zncr041.63±0.155.657±0.020
Zng130.40±0.40160.990±0.0046.197±0.001
Zn+2aq-153.39±0.20-109.8±0.5 
ZnOcr-350.46±0.2743.65±0.406.933±0.040

 

REFERENCE

Cox, J. D., Wagman, D. D., and Medvedev, V. A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989.

The values given in this table represent the consensus judgement of an international group of experts. While we believe there is a high probability that the true values fall within he stated uncertainty limits, CODATA cannot assume responsibility for any consequences of the use of these data.

(Note: All the numerical values have precisions stated alongside them. Browsers using HTML3.2 will show a +- symbol.Earlier versions will only show a space or possibly some code)